Suchergebnisse

Dieses Lehrbuch bietet einen umfassenden, aber dennoch kompakten Überblick über die Vielfalt der Ansätze in der Persönlichkeitspsychologie. Welche Paradigmen, Strömungen und Theorien gibt es in der Persönlichkeitsforschung? Womit beschäftigen sie sich, was zeichnet sie jeweils aus? Wie kann man sie miteinander vergleichen? Sie erhalten durch die Auseinandersetzung mit diesen Fragen eine profunde Einführung in die Persönlichkeitspsychologie. Damit werden Sie sich in dem Fach besser zurechtfinden. Umfassend und kompakt Alle wichtigen Ansätze der Persönlichkeitspsychologie umfassend in einem Buch zusammengestellt Veraltete Ansätze: vorwissenschaftlich, psychodynamisch, lerntheoretisch Klassische Ansätze: humanistisch, kognitiv, dispositional Moderne Ansätze: biologisch, transaktional Besser lernen Vorstellung, Erklärung, Rezeption und Kontrastierung der Ansätze anhand einheitlicher Kriterien Mit vielen didaktischen Elementen, Tabellen und Abbildungen, die wichtige Informationen klar herausstellen und auf einen Blick zusammenfassen Mit Online Zusatzmaterialien zum Lehrbuch über www.lehrbuch-psychologie.de Für Fortgeschrittene Fortgeschrittene Psychologie-Studierende im Bachelor Psychologie-Studierende im Master Studierende anderer Fachrichtungen (z. B. Pädagogik), die Fachkenntnisse in der Psychologie mitbringen und sich für eine wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit Persönlichkeit und individuellen Unterschieden interessieren Zum Autor Prof. Dr. John Rauthmann war bis Ende 2016 an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin im Bereich der Persönlichkeitspsychologie tätig und ist seit 2017 an der Wake Forest University (USA) beschäftigt. Dort lehrt und forscht er zur Persönlichkeitspsychologie, Sozialpsychologie, Diagnostik und Methodenlehre

Abstract. There is as yet no consensually agreed-upon situational taxonomy. The current work addresses this issue and reviews extant taxonomic approaches by highlighting a "road map" of six research stations that lead to the observed diversity in taxonomies: (1) theoretical and conceptual guidelines, (2) the "type" of situational information studied, (3) the general taxonomic approach taken, (4) the generation of situation pools, (5) the assessment and rating of situational information, and (6) the statistical analyses of situation data. Current situational taxonomies are difficult to integrate because they follow different paths along these six stations. Some suggestions are given on how to spur integrated taxonomies toward a unified psychology of situations that speaks a common language.

In this article I argue that as well as item content, item formats (i.e., phrasing and response formats) are also important. Most trait items can be mapped onto 4 dimensions: point of reference (first person, possessive, others, indicator), general item format (staticity, frequency,
valency, frequency + valency), construct indicator (attributal, behavioral, mental, contextual), and conditionality (unconditional, conditional). An item taxonomy tree for the first person perspective is provided for an Openness to Experiences item, and NEO-PI-R Extraversion items are analyzed
according to the 4-item format dimensions. Future lines of research on item phrasing are outlined.

Objective: Several personality theories distinguish between rather genetically rooted, universal dispositional traits (DTs) and rather environmentally shaped, more contextualized characteristic adaptations (CAs). However, no study so far has compared different measures of theoretically postulated DTs and CAs regarding their environmental and genetic components while considering differences in measurement abstraction and reliability. This study aims to bridge this gap by testing the assumed differences in the sensitivity to environmental influences based on representative sets of DTs (Big Five and HEXACO domains and facets) and CAs (goals, interests, value priorities, religiousness, and self-schemas). Method: Using intra-class correlations and running extended twin family and spouses-of-twins model analyses, we analyzed a large data set (N = 1967) encompassing 636 twin pairs, 787 parent-offspring dyads, and 325 spouses/partners. Results: Findings consistently support lower environmentality of DTs compared to CAs. On average, more than half of reliable variance in DTs was genetic, whereas the reverse was found for CAs. Larger environmental components in CAs were primarily attributable to larger individual-specific effects (beyond error of measurement) and factors shared by spouses. Conclusions: Findings are discussed against the background of the definitional distinction between DTs and CAs and the value of extended twin family data.

For the first time, the associations among the relatively new construct of self-leadership (SL; Neck & Houghton, 2006) and socioemotional intelligence (SEI; Riggio & Reichard, 2008) are examined. One hundred and sixty-eight participants gave self-reports on SL and SEI. Generally,
SL and subfacets correlated positively with SEI and subfacets, however, strong associations were found for social sensitivity and emotional expressivity, but no associations were found for emotional control. Findings are discussed in light of SL regulation strategies concerning cognition,
emotion, and behavior.